James II of England
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1685 to 1688 (1633–1701) · 1633–1701
Why they matter
Deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. His Catholic son's claim fuelled the Jacobite risings for sixty years.
Crowns held
- monarch of England 1685–1688
- monarch of Scotland 1685–1688
- King of Ireland 1685–1688
Marriages and partners
- Anne, Duchess of York 1659–1671
- Mary of Modena from 1673
- Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester
- Arabella Churchill
- Margaret Brooke
Parents
Siblings
- Henrietta of England 1644–1670
- Mary Henrietta, Princess Royal 1631–1660
- Princess Elizabeth of England 1635–1650
- Princess Anne of England 1637–1640
- Charles II of England 1630–1685
- Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester 1640–1660
- Charles James Stuart, Duke of Cornwall 1629–1629
- Catherine Stuart 1639–1639
Children
- Mary II of England 1662–1694
- Anne of Great Britain 1665–1714
- James Francis Edward Stuart, Prince of Wales 1688–1766
- Louisa Maria Stuart 1692–1712
- Prince James, Duke of Cambridge 1663–1667
- Henrietta FitzJames 1667–1730
- James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick 1670–1734
- Henry FitzJames 1673–1702
- Princess Isabel of York 1676–1681
- Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge 1677–1677
- Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge 1660–1661
- Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge 1667–1671
- Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal 1666–1667
- Charlotte Maria Stuart 1682–1682
- Henrietta Stuart 1669–1669
- Catherine Stuart 1671–1671
- Arabella FitzJames 1673–1704
- child1 Stuart
- Catherine Laura Stuart 1675–1675
- child2 Stuart 1675–1675
- Elizabeth Stuart 1678–c. 1678
- child3 Stuart 1681–1681
- child4 Stuart 1683–1683
- child5 Stuart 1684–1684
- Catherine Sheffield, Duchess of Buckingham and Normanby 1685–1743
- James Darnley 1684–1685
- Charles Darnley
Succession questions
- Why did James II of England succeed Charles II of England?
Inheritance, after failed attempts to exclude him - Why did William III of England succeed James II of England?
Deposition by invasion and parliamentary settlement; joint monarchy with Mary II - Why did Mary II of England succeed James II of England?
Deposition of her father; crown offered jointly to her and her husband
About
James II and VII was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from February 1685 until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution. The last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland, his reign was marked by conflicts over religion, absolutism and the divine right of kings; his deposition ended a century of political and civil strife by confirming the primacy of the English Parliament over the Crown.
From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0. Structured data from Wikidata (CC0).