Scotland, England & Ireland · 1488–1714

House of Stuart

From Flodden to the Act of Settlement: the Scottish house that inherited England, lost a king to the executioner's block, was restored, deposed again, and finally handed its crowns to a German cousin by statute.

Open the family tree

Crowns

Holders from other houses are shown in grey.

Monarch of Scotland Full sequence →

• James IV of Scotland1488–1513
• James V of Scotland1513–1542
• Mary, Queen of Scots1542–1567
• James VI and I1567–1625
• Charles I of England1625–1649
• Charles II of England1660–1685
• James II of England1685–1688
• Mary II of England1689–1694
• William III of England · Orange-Nassau1689–1702
• Anne of Great Britain1702–1707

Monarch of England Full sequence →

• James VI and I1603–1625
• Charles I of England1625–1649
• Charles II of England1660–1685
• James II of England1685–1688
• Mary II of England1689–1694
• William III of England · Orange-Nassau1689–1702
• Anne of Great Britain1702–1707

Monarch of Great Britain Full sequence →

• Anne of Great Britain1707–1714
• George I of Great Britain · Hanover1714–1727

Why each succession happened

• Why did James IV of Scotland succeed James III of Scotland?
  Rebellion: nobles rose against the king in the prince's name; James III was killed after the battle of Sauchieburn
• Why did James V of Scotland succeed James IV of Scotland?
  Inheritance, with a long regency after the king's death in battle
• Why did Mary, Queen of Scots succeed James V of Scotland?
  Inheritance as an infant, with regents governing
• Why did James VI and I succeed Mary, Queen of Scots?
  Forced abdication of the queen; infant king under successive regents
• Why did James VI and I succeed Elizabeth I of England?
  Inheritance by blood, secured by political preparation
• Why did Charles I of England succeed James VI and I?
  Inheritance
• Why did Charles II of England succeed Charles I of England?
  Execution of the king, abolition of the monarchy, then restoration by Parliament in 1660
• Why did James II of England succeed Charles II of England?
  Inheritance, after failed attempts to exclude him
• Why did William III of England succeed James II of England?
  Deposition by invasion and parliamentary settlement; joint monarchy with Mary II
• Why did Mary II of England succeed James II of England?
  Deposition of her father; crown offered jointly to her and her husband
• Why did William III of England succeed Mary II of England?
  Continuation of the joint monarchy after Mary II's death, as the 1689 settlement provided
• Why did Anne of Great Britain succeed William III of England?
  Inheritance under the Bill of Rights order of succession
• Why did George I of Great Britain succeed Anne of Great Britain?
  Inheritance by statute (Act of Settlement 1701), passing over more than fifty closer Catholic relatives

Family connections

• How were Elizabeth I of England and James VI and I related?
  First cousins twice removed
• How were Mary, Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I of England related?
  First cousins once removed
• How were Henry VIII of England and Mary, Queen of Scots related?
  Great-uncle and great-niece
• How were William III of England and Mary II of England related?
  First cousins — and husband and wife
• How were Anne of Great Britain and George I of Great Britain related?
  Second cousins
• How were Mary, Queen of Scots and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley related?
  Half first cousins

Everyone in this collection (24)

• James IV of ScotlandKing of Scotland from 1488 to 15131473–1513
• Margaret TudorScottish Queen consort1489–1541
• James V of ScotlandKing of Scotland from 1513 to 15421512–1542
• Mary of LorraineScottish Queen consort1515–1560
• Margaret DouglasDaughter of Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and Margaret Tudor, Queen Dowager of Scotland1515–1578
• Mary, Queen of ScotsQueen of Scotland from 1542 to 15671542–1587
• Francis II of FranceKing of France from 1559 to 15601544–1560
• Henry Stuart, Lord DarnleyDuke of Albany and King consort of Scotland1545–1567
• James VI and IKing of Scotland from 1567 to 1625, King of England and Ireland from 1603 to 16251566–1625
• Anne of DenmarkQueen consort of James VI of Scots, I of England1574–1619
• Henry Frederick, Prince of WalesEldest son and heir apparent of James VI and I1594–1612
• Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of BohemiaElectress consort of the Palatine and Queen of Bohemia1596–1662
• Charles I of EnglandKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1625 to 16491600–1649
• Henrietta Maria of FranceQueen consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland as the wife of King Charles I1609–1669
• Charles II of EnglandKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland1630–1685
• Sophia of HanoverPrincess of the Palatinate, Electress of Hanover, heir presumptive and ancestor of British monarchs following the Act of Settlement 17011630–1714
• Mary Henrietta, Princess RoyalEldest daughter of Charles I of England and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France; mother of William III of England1631–1660
• James II of EnglandKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1685 to 16881633–1701
• William III of EnglandKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 17021650–1702
• Prince George, Duke of CumberlandHusband of Queen Anne, who reigned over Great Britain from 17021653–1708
• George I of Great BritainKing of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 17271660–1727
• Mary II of EnglandQueen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 16941662–1694
• Anne of Great BritainQueen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1702 to 17141665–1714
• James Francis Edward Stuart, Prince of WalesPretender to the English, Scottish and Irish throne1688–1766

This collection includes the relatives needed to follow its explanations, even when they belong to another family. Anyone outside it opens live from Wikidata with HistorIQly Plus.

Open the family tree